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Usama, Sr. Associate Software Engineer, shares how our cloud-native stack handles scale with a "you build, you own" coding culture.
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What’s in Capital One's tech stack?
In 2021, we did something no other major bank had done: we turned off our last data center and went all-in on the cloud. Today, we operate entirely cloud-native. Over a third of our applications run on serverless tech, which means our engineers spend their time shipping features instead of managing infrastructure.
We build backends in Java, Go, Python and C++, with React, Swift and Kotlin on the frontend. On the data side, we use tools like Kafka and Spark to stream real-time information, backed by modern data lakehouses on S3.
We remain dialed into the risks of AI/ML and are taking a balanced, well managed approach to test, learn and adapt for the highest strategic impact while keeping humans at the forefront of our work. In practice, this means deploying zero trust protocols, running machine learning models for instant decisioning and even developing our own open-source tools, like our agentic AI security tool VulnHunter.
What technical challenges do Capital One engineers and product managers solve?
Our teams in downtown Toronto build high-scale, cloud-native technology that powers daily financial decisions for our customers across the globe.
We operate under a clear culture of autonomy: you build it, you own it. Our software engineers own their code across the full lifecycle, from architecting serverless microservices to building data pipelines that detect fraud instantly. They keep our systems resilient, implementing zero trust security and using observability tools to maintain strong uptime across massive transaction volumes. Product managers sit directly within these engineering pods, defining the product vision for digital banking, credit card platforms and internal developer tools while translating heavy backend capabilities into simple, human experiences for Canadians.
How is Capital One using AI/ML?
As a cloud-native bank, we integrate advanced AI models, generative AI and agentic workflows directly across our entire tech stack. And guided by a mission to deploy AI responsibly, our Capital One Canada tech teams use generative AI and agentic workflows to solve real industry problems at scale.
We also have an enterprise-wide emphasis on AI fluency that isn’t just an ad-hoc training program. It is a fundamental part of how we operate, innovate and push the boundaries of what’s possible for our business and our more than 100 million customers.
Developers leverage frontier LLMs to automate code reviews and streamline daily workflows, while our production ML models process streaming data to block card fraud in milliseconds. We are also deploying agentic AI across customer service tools and open-sourcing our own breakthroughs, including VulnHunter, an intelligent platform that scans codebases to patch security risks before deployment.
What are the key areas of experimental research the Capital One team focuses on?
Key areas of experimental research we focus on include anomaly detection, deep learning for event prediction, large language models, behavior models and graph networks to name a few.
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